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Pascal

Pascal - Programming language

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Pascal is a programming language created in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth.

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Pascal is an imperative and procedural programming language, which Niklaus Wirth designed in 1968–69 and published in 1970, as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring. It is named in honor of the French mathematician, philosopher and physicist Blaise Pascal. Pascal was developed on the pattern of the ALGOL 60 language. Read more on Wikipedia...


Example from Compiler Explorer:
unit output; interface function Square(const num: Integer): Integer; implementation // Type your code here, or load an example. function Square(const num: Integer): Integer; begin Square := num * num; end; end.
Example from Riju:
program Main; begin writeln('Hello, world!'); end.
Example from hello-world:
program HelloWorld(output); begin writeln('Hello World'); end.
Example from the Hello World Collection:
{Hello World in Pascal} program HelloWorld(output); begin WriteLn('Hello World!'); end.
Example from Linguist:
uses uw27294; var p : procedure; procedure test; begin p:=@test; writeln('OK'); end; procedure global; begin p:=nil; test; p(); end; begin global; uw27294.global; end.
Example from Wikipedia:
program Printing; var i : integer; procedure Print(j : integer); begin ... end; begin { main program } ... Print(i); end.

Keywords in Pascal

* + - / := < <= <> = > >= and begin boolean break byte continue div do double else end false if integer longint mod not or repeat shl shortint shr single then true until while word xor

Language features

Feature Supported Token Example
Conditionals ✓
While Loops ✓
Booleans ✓ true false
Strings ✓ '
Assignment ✓ :=
Case Insensitive Identifiers ✓ 
s := (A + a + A);
Print() Debugging ✓ writeln
Function Overloading ✓ 
program Adhoc;

function Add(x, y : Integer) : Integer;
begin
    Add := x + y
end;

function Add(s, t : String) : String;
begin
    Add := Concat(s, t)
end;

begin
    Writeln(Add(1, 2));                   (* Prints "3"             *)
    Writeln(Add('Hello, ', 'World!'));    (* Prints "Hello, World!" *)
end.
MultiLine Comments ✓ { } 
(* A comment
*)
Comments ✓ 
{ This is a single line comment in pascal. But needs to be closed. }
Polymorphism ✓
Case Sensitivity X
Semantic Indentation X
Operator Overloading X
Line Comments X

Books about Pascal from ISBNdb

title authors year publisher
Structures and Abstractions: An Introduction to Computer Science With Pascal Salmon, William I. 1993 Richard d Irwin
Pascal Plus Data Structures, Algorithms, and Advanced Programming Dale, Nell B. and Lilly, Susan C. 1985 D C Heath & Co
Software Tools in Pascal Kernighan, Brian W. 1981 Addison-Wesley Professional
Pascal for Students (including Turbo Pascal) Kemp, Ray and Hahn, Brian 1995 Butterworth-Heinemann
Introduction To Structured Programming Using Turbo Pascal Version 5.0 On The Ibm Pc Kenneth J. Morgan 1990 Merrill Pub Co
The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann Goldstine, Herman H. 1972 Princeton University Press
Advanced Turbo Pascal: Now Includes Borland's Turbo Pascal Database Toolbox and Turbo Pascal Graphix Toolbox (Programming Series) Schildt, Herbert 1987 Lewis Osborne Book Pub
Pascal and Beyond...: Data Abstraction and Data Structures Using Turbo Pascal Fisher, Steve and Reges, Stuart 1992 Wiley
Programming in Oberon: Steps Beyond Pascal and Modula Reiser, Martin and Wirth, Niklaus 1992 Addison-Wesley
Pascal Programming for Music Research Brinkman, Alexander R. 1990 University of Chicago Press
Programming in Pascal Grogono, Peter 1984 Addison-Wesley
An Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving with Pascal Schneider, G. Michael 1978 John Wiley & Sons
Programming With Data Structures, Pascal Version London : Prentice-hall International, C1989.
Turbo Pascal (Computer Science Series)) Dale, Nell 1997 Jones & Bartlett Learning
Programming in Borland Pascal Palmer, Scott D. 1993 Sybex Inc
Programming in PASCAL Zwass and Vladimir 1985 New York : Barnes & Noble, c1985.
Pascal Programming For The Ibm Pc And Xt William M. Fuori 1985 Reston Pub Co
Pascal Programming For The Apple T. G Lewis 1981 Reston Pub. Co
Computer Programming In The Pascal Language Neal Golden 1988 Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
Object-oriented Programming With Turbo Pascal Keith Weiskamp and Bryan Flamig and Loren Heiny 1991 Addison Wesley School
Discrete Optimization Algorithms: with Pascal Programs (Dover Books on Computer Science) Syslo, Maciej M. and Deo, Narsingh and Kowalik, Janusz S. 2006 Dover Publications
Pascal Programming Holmes 2000 Thomson Learning
Programming With Data Structures: Pascal Version/Book and Disk Kruse, Robert L. 1989 Prentice Hall
Borland Pascal with Objects 7.0 Jose DeJesus 1993 MIS Press,U.S.
A Guide To Programming In Turbo Pascal Bruce Presley and Tim Corica 1986 Lawrenceville Pr
Problem solving and structured programming in Pascal Koffman, Elliot B 1985 Addison-Wesley Pub. Co
Pascal Heiserman, David L. 1980 Tab Books
Recursion via Pascal (Cambridge Computer Science Texts, Series Number 19) Rohl 1984 Cambridge University Press
Fractal Programming In Turbo Pascal Roger T. Stevens 1992 M & T Books
Pascal Programming (complete Course Texts) B.j. Holmes 1990 Thomson Learning
Mastering Pascal Programming (Macmillan Master) Huggins, Eric 1983 Palgrave
Mastering C++: An Introduction To C++ And Object-oriented Programming For C And Pascal Programmers Second Edition And Engineering Fluid Mechanics, Sixth Edition Horstmann and Cay S. Horstmann and John A. Roberson and Clayton T. Crowe 1997 Wiley
Computer Programming in Pascal the Easy Way Downing, Douglas and Yoshimi, Mark 1984 Barrons Educational Series Inc
Introduction to Computer Science With Applications in Pascal Garland, Stephen 1986 Addison-Wesley
Pascal programming structures: An introduction to systematic programming Cherry, George William 1980 Reston Pub. Co
Programming Primer: A Graphic Introduction To Computer Programming With Basic And Pascal Robert P Taylor 1982 Addison-wesley
Understanding Pascal Steven Mandell West Group
Learn Pascal Abolrous, Sam 2000 Wordware Publishing, Inc.
Scientific Pascal Flanders, Harley 1995 BirkhÀuser
Programming In Pascal C. William Gear 1983 Sra
Programming Process With Pascal Judith L. Gersting 1989 West Group
Doing business with Pascal Hergert, Richard 1983 Sybex
Structured Programming Turbo Pascal Horn 1999 Pearson Us Imports & Phipes
Abstractions & Programming in Turbo Pascal Flexlabs Shaffer and Dale and Platt and David C. 1994 Oxford University Press
Challenging Mathematical Problems with Pascal Solutions Donald D. Spencer 1988 Camelot Publishing Company
PASCAL Programming (Wiley Series in Computing) Atkinson, Laurence 1980 Wiley
Pascal On The Macintosh: A Graphical Approach David A. Niguidula 1987 Addison-wesley
Solution Key For Pascal Computer Programming 88 Golden 1988 Henry Holt & Company
Turbo Pascal System Programming/book And Disk Michael Tischer 1991 Abacus Software Inc
Programming your own adventure games in Pascal Richard C. Vile and Jr 1984 Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. : Tab Books, c1984.
Programming the IBM User Interface: Using Turbo Pascal Ezzell, Ben 1989 Addison-Wesley
The Windows Pascal Laboratory: Experiments In Windows Programming (programmers Library) Don Asumu Pdd 1995 I/o Press
Turbo Pascal For Chemists: A Problem Solving And Practical Approach Gordon-filby-m-klusmann 1991 Wiley-vch
Turbo Pascal Programming With Applications: Ibm Pc/book And 256k Disk Leon A. Wortman 1986 Tab Books Software
Programming With Turbo Pascal (mcgraw-hill's Best--basic Engineering Series And Tools) Carroll, David W. (david William) 1985 1985
The Little Book Of Delphi Programming: Learn To Program with Object Pascal Collingbourne, Huw 2020-02-24T00:00:01Z Dark Neon
Learn Pascal in Three Days Abolrous, Sam 2001 Jones & Bartlett Learning
Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving with PASCAL Schneider, G. Michael and Weingart, Steven W. and Pearlman, David M. 1982 Wiley
Object Pascal Handbook Delphi 10.4 Sydney Edition: The Complete Guide to the Object Pascal programming language for Delphi 10.4 Sydney Cantu, Marco 2021 Independently published
Getting Started with Lazarus and Free Pascal: A beginners and intermediate guide to Free Pascal using Lazarus IDE Abiola-Ellison, Menkaura 2015 CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform
Pascal for Students (including Turbo Pascal) Kemp, Ray and Hahn, Brian 1995 Butterworth-Heinemann
Numerical Recipes in Pascal (First Edition): The Art of Scientific Computing Press, William H. and Flannery, Brian P. and Teukolsky, Saul A. and Vetterling, William T. 1989 Cambridge University Press
Professional Programming From the Beginning: With Free Pascal And the Free Development Environment Lazarus Koch, Wilfried 2020 Oberkochener Medienverlag
Intro Programming W/Macintosh Pascal PRITCHARD 1988-01-11T00:00:01Z Pearson International
Pascal Programming and Problem Solving (4th Edition) Leestma, Sanford and Nyhoff, Larry 1993 Pearson
Schaum's Outline of Programming with Pascal Gottfried, Byron S. 1994-01-01T00:00:01Z McGraw-Hill
Turbo Pascal 7.0 (4th Edition) Savitch, Walter J. 1993 Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co
Programming in PASCAL Grogono, Peter 1980 Addison-Wesley
Advanced Programming and Problem Solving with PASCAL Schneider, Michael and Bruell, Steven 1987 Wiley
Learn Object Pascal with Delphi Rachele, Warren 2000 Wordware Publishing, Inc.
Turbo Pascal Koffman, Elliot B. 1994 Addison-Wesley
Macintosh Pascal Programming Primer: Inside the Toolbox Using Think Pascal Mark, Dave and Reed, Cartwright 1991 Addison-Wesley
Delphi Quick Syntax Reference: A Pocket Guide to the Delphi and Object Pascal Language Kouraklis, John 2020 Apress
Illustrating Pascal Alcock, Donald G. 1987 Cambridge University Press
C++ for Pascal Programmers (2nd Edition) Pohl, Ira 1995 Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co
Using Turbo Pascal 6.0 - 7.0 Hennefeld, Julien 1994 Cengage Learning
Advanced Programming and Problem Solving with Pascal Schneider, G. Michael 1981 John Wiley & Sons
Data Structures Using Pascal Augenstein, Moshe J.; Tenenbaum, Aaron M. 1981 Prentice-Hall Canada, Incorporated
Migrating from Pascal to C++ (Undergraduate Texts in Computer Science) Merritt, Susan N. and Stix, Allen 1996 Springer
Programming your own adventure games in Pascal Vile, Richard C 1984T Tab Books
Pascal User Manual and Report: Revised for the ISO Pascal Standard Jensen, Kathleen and Wirth, Niklaus 1984 Springer
Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Programming With Pascal (Schaum's Outline Series in Computers) Gottfried, Byron S. 1985 Mcgraw-Hill
Turbo Pascal Update Koffman, Elliot B. 1997 Addison Wesley
PASCAL with style: Programming proverbs (Hayden computer programming series) Ledgard, Henry F 1979 Hayden Book Co
Data Structures and Program Design in Pascal Nyhoff, Larry R. and Leestma, Sanford 1991 Macmillan Coll Div
Problem solving and structured programming in PASCAL (Addison-Wesley series in computer science and information processing) Koffman, Elliot B 1981 Addison-Wesley Pub. Co
Pascal Precisely for Engineers and Scientists Bishop, Judy and Bishop, Nigel 1990 Addison-Wesley
Pascal an Introduction to Methodical Programming Edition Findlay, William 1983 Computer Science Press
Statistical Computing in Pascal Cooke, D. and Craven, A. H. and Clarke, G. M. 1985-07-01T00:00:01Z Hodder Arnold
Introduction to Pascal and Structured Design Dale, Nell B. 1983 Houghton Mifflin College Div
Programming With Pascal Konvalina, John and Wileman, Stanley 1987 McGraw-Hill College
Oh! PASCAL!: Turbo PASCAL 6.0 Cooper, Doug 1992 W. W. Norton & Company
Introduction to Numerical Computation in Pascal DEW/JAMES 1983-06-30T00:00:01Z Springer
Pascal for Beginners (Computer Literacy Skills Book) Lampton, Christopher 1984 Franklin Watts
Using Turbo Pascal Version 5 (Programming Series) Wood, Steve 1989-04-01T00:00:01Z Computing McGraw-Hill
Teach Yourself Computer Programming in Pascal (Teach Yourself) Lightfoot, D. 1992 Hodder & Stoughton Educational Division
From Pascal to C: An introduction to the C programming language Brown, Douglas L 1985 Wadsworth Pub. Co
Fractal Programming in Turbo Pascal Stevens, Roger T. 1990 M & T Books
Mastering C++: An Introduction to C++ and Object-Oriented Programming for C and Pascal Programmers Horstmann, Cay S. 1995 Wiley
A First Course in Programming With Pascal Mendelson, Bert 1982 William C Brown Pub
Turbo Pascal Programming High School EDI Mandell, Steven L. 1997 West Publishing Company, College & School Div
Algorithms, Programming, Pascal Li Santi, Barbara 1987 Wadsworth Pub Co
PASCAL Programming Holmes, B.J. 1987-06T Letts Educational
Advanced Pascal programming techniques Sand, Paul A 1984T Osborne/McGraw-Hill
Programming in Pascal Riddle, Douglas F. 1991 Dellen Pub Co
Software Design and Data Structures in Turbo Pascal Elliot B. Koffman and Bruce R. Maxim 1994 Addison-Wesley
Advanced Programming: Design and Structure Using Pascal Miller, Lawrence H. 1986-01-01T00:00:01Z Addison-Wesley
Pascal Programming for Libraries: Illustrative Examples for Information Specialists (Contributions in Librarianship and Information Science) Davis, Charles H. and Lundeen, Gerald and Shaw, Debora 1988 Praeger
Paradigms and programming with PASCAL Wood, Derick 1984 Computer Science Press
PASCAL Programming (Computing Series) Atkinson, Laurence 1980 John Wiley & Sons
Fundamental Programming With Pascal Starkey, J. Denbigh and Ross, Rockford J. 1984 West Group
Problem Solving & Structured Programming in Pascal Koffman, Elliot B. 1985 Addison Wesley Publishing Company
IEEE Standard Pascal Computer Programming Language American National Standards Institute and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 1983T Distributed in cooperation with Wiley-Interscience
Pascal Programming: A Beginner's Guide to Computers and Programming Hawksley, Chris 1986 Cambridge University Press
Pascal Plus data structures, algorithms, and advanced programming Dale, Nell B 1991T D.C. Heath and Co
PASCAL Programming Fundamentals
Structures and Abstractions: An Introduction to Computer Science With Turbo Pascal (5.X, 6.X, 7.0) Salmon, William I. 1996 Richard d Irwin
Programming with Pascal Sos Gottfried 1994 McGraw-Hill Education - Europe
Turbo Pascal With Turtle Graphics Slack, James M. 1990 PWS Publishing
Programming with MacIntosh and THINK Pascal Rink, Richard A. and Wisenbaker, Vance B. and Vance, Richard G. 1995 Pearson College Div
Pocket Guide to Pascal (Pitman Programming Pocket Guides) Watt, David A 1982T Pearson Higher Education
Programming with Macintosh Pascal Rink, Richard A 1989 Prentice Hall
Data Structures, Using Pascal Rhoads, Samuel E. and Gearen, Michael V. 1992 William C Brown Pub
Pascal at Work and Play: An Introduction to Computer Programming in Pascal Forsyth, Richard 1982 Springer
An Introduction to Pascal Morton, James K. 1993 Gardners Books
Programming via Pascal (Cambridge Computer Science Texts, Series Number 12) Rohl, J. S. and Barrett, H. J. 1990 Cambridge University Press
Handbook of Algorithms and Data Structures: Coded in Pascal and C (International Computer Science Series) Gonnet, Gaston H. 1984-09-01T00:00:01Z Addison-Wesley
The Structures and Abstractions Labs: Experiments in Pascal and Turbo Pascal/Includes Disk Salmon 1992 CRC Press
Introduction to Computer Programming Using Turbo Pascal Johnson, Richard and Keil, David M. 1994 West Group
Mastering C++: An Introduction to C++ and Object-Oriented Programming for C and Pascal Programmers Horstmann, Cay S. 1991 Wiley
Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving with PASCAL Schneider, G. Michael 1984 John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Programming with Turbo Pascal (A Byte book) David W Carroll 1985 McGraw-Hill
A First Course in Computer Programming Using Pascal (MCGRAW HILL COMPUTER SCIENCE SERIES) Keller, Arthur M. 1982 McGraw-Hill Osborne Media
Turbo Pascal Disktutor/Book and 2 Disk (Borland-Osborne/McGraw-Hill Programming Series) Feibel, Werner 1989-10-01T00:00:01Z McGraw-Hill Osborne Media
Foundations of Programming with Pascal (New Patterns of Learning) Moore, Lawrie 1980 Ellis Horwood, Ltd.
Programming in Pascal (Addison-Wesley Series in Clinical and Professional Psycholog) Grogono, Peter 1978 Addison Wesley Publishing Company
Pascal Plus Data Structures, Algorithms and Advanced Programming/Book and 3 1/2' Disk Dale and LILLY 1991 D C Heath & Co
Turbo Pascal 4.0/5.0: An introduction to the art and science of programming (The Benjamin/Cummings series in structured programming) Savitch, Walter J 1989T Benjamin/Cummings Pub
Pascal Programming Today Mandell, Steven L. 1987-06-01T00:00:01Z West Group
Simple Pascal Pb Mcgregor J 1981 Univ Coll Londo
Programming with Pascal Konvalina, John; Wileman, Stanley 1987T McGraw Hill
Pascal Programming Problem Sol Turk 1993-05-02T00:00:01Z Gale
PASCAL Programming (Second Edition) 郑搯捎 2003 æž…ćŽć€§ć­Šć‡ș版瀟
Programming microcomputers with PASCAL Beer, M. D 1982 Van Nostrand Reinhold Co
Programming Microcomputers with PASCAL Beer, Martin 1982 Van Nostrand,, New York:

Publications about Pascal from Semantic Scholar

title authors year citations influentialCitations
The programming language Concurrent Pascal P. B. Hansen 1975 532 15
The programming language PASCAL J. Wakerly 1979 327 39
An axiomatic definition of the programming language PASCAL C. Hoare and N. Wirth 1972 263 14
The programming language Concurrent Pascal P. Brinch-hansen 1975 153 6
The programming language pascal N. Wirth 1971 57 1
The programming language Pascal (Revised Report) N. Wirth 1973 55 3
An assessment of the programming language pascal N. Wirth 1975 46 1
Does programming language affect the type of conceptual bugs in beginners' programs? A comparison of FPL and Pascal N. Cunniff and R. Taylor and J. B. Black 1986 36 1
Assessing the utility of an interactive electronic book for learning the Pascal programming language I. Aedo and P. Díaz and Camino Fernåndez and Guadalupe Muñoz and A. Berlanga 2000 36 0
Structured programming, programming teaching and the language Pascal O. Lecarme 1974 19 1
The Programming Language Pascal (Reprint) N. Wirth 2002 13 0
Critical comments on the programming language Pascal A. Habermann 1973 13 0
Reply to a paper by A. N. Habermann on the programming language Pascal O. Lecarme and Pierre Desjardins 1974 12 0
A heap‐based implementation of the programming language Pascal C. Marlin 1979 7 0
PasOnto: Ontology for Learning Pascal Programming Language Baboucar Diatta and Adrien Basse and S. Ouya 2019 6 0
More comments on the programming language Pascal O. Lecarme and Pierre Desjardins 1975 5 0
Structured programming, programming teaching and the language Pascal O. Lecarme 1974 4 0
Fast and robust approach for data security in communication channel using pascal matrix Oday Kamil Hamid and Riyadh Bassil Abduljabbar and N. Alhyani 2020 4 0
POLROB—a manipulator-level programming language based on Pascal K. Kozlowski 1990 2 0
USING THE FREE PASCAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE AND THE RUBIROBOTLIB SOFTWARE LIBRARY TO CONTROL ROBOTS ON THE LEGO MINDSTORMS EV3 PLATFORM D. A. Slinkin 2018 2 0
Implementation of the Programming Language Pascal R. Schild 1972 1 0
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