Csound

Csound is a programming language created in 1985.

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Csound is a computer programming language for sound, also known as a sound compiler or an audio programming language, or more precisely, an audio DSL. It is called Csound because it is written in C, as opposed to some of its predecessors. It is free software, available under the LGPL. Read more on Wikipedia...

Csound website
Csound Wikipedia page
There are at least 50 Csound repos on GitHub
Csound first developed in Massachusetts Institute of Technology
file extensions for Csound include csd, sco, orc and udo
The Google BigQuery Public Dataset GitHub snapshot shows 57 users using Csound in 65 repos on GitHub
Csound on HOPL
Pygments supports syntax highlighting for Csound
GitHub supports syntax highlighting for Csound
csound.com was registered in 2008
See also: (10 related languages)C, SAOL, Python, Java, Lisp, Tcl, Haskell, Bison, Max, Emacs
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Example from Linguist:

sr     = 44100
kr     = 44100
ksmps  = 1
nchnls = 2

; pvanal -n 512 -w 8 allglass1-L.wav allglass1-L.pvc
; pvanal -n 512 -w 8 allglass1-R.wav allglass1-R.pvc
instr 1
  ktime line 0, p3, 17.5018
  arL pvoc ktime, 1, "allglass1-L.pvc"
  arR pvoc ktime, 1, "allglass1-R.pvc"
  out arL, arR
endin

Example from Wikipedia:

<CsoundSynthesizer>
  
  <CsOptions>
    csound -W -d -o tone.wav
  </CsOptions>
  
  <CsInstruments>
    sr     = 96000           ; Sample rate.
    kr     = 9600            ; Control signal rate.
    ksmps  = 10              ; Samples per control signal.
    nchnls = 1               ; Number of output channels.

    instr 1
    a1     oscil p4, p5, 1   ; Oscillator: p4 and p5 are the arguments from the score, 1 is the table number.
    out a1                   ; Output.
    endin
  </CsInstruments>

  <CsScore>
    f1 0 8192 10 1           ; Table containing a sine wave. Built-in generator 10 produces a sum of sinusoids, here only one.
    i1 0 1 20000 1000        ; Play one second of one kHz at amplitude 20000.
    e
  </CsScore>

</CsoundSynthesizer>

Feature	Supported	Token	Example
MultiLine Comments	✓
Comments	✓		; A comment
Line Comments	✓	;	; A comment
Semantic Indentation	X

title	author	year	reviews	ratings	rating
The Csound Book: Perspectives in Software Synthesis, Sound Design, Signal Processing, and Programming	Richard Boulanger	2000	2	46	4.02
Programming digital music with Csound	Peter Fitton	2014	0	1	4.00
Csound: A Sound and Music Computing System	Victor Lazzarini		0	2	5.00

title	authors	year	publisher
The Csound Book: Perspectives in Software Synthesis, Sound Design, Signal Processing,and Programming		2000	The MIT Press
The Csound Book: Perspectives in Software Synthesis, Sound Design, Signal Processing, and Programming	Richard Charles Boulanger	2000

title	authors	year	citations	influentialCitations
Ubiquitous Music Ecosystems: Faust Programs in Csound	Victor Lazzarini and Damián Keller and M. Pimenta and J. Timoney	2015	10	0
Supporting an Object-Oriented Approach to Unit Generator Development: The Csound Plugin Opcode Framework	Victor Lazzarini	2017	6	0

Csound - Programming language

Language features

Books about Csound on goodreads

Books about Csound from ISBNdb

Publications about Csound from Semantic Scholar