CIL

CIL, aka Common Intermediate Language, is a programming language created in 2000.

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Common Intermediate Language (CIL, pronounced either sil or kil), formerly called Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL), is the lowest-level human-readable programming language defined by the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) specification and is used by the .NET Framework and Mono. Languages which target a CLI-compatible runtime environment compile to CIL, which is assembled into an object code that has a bytecode-style format. CIL is an object-oriented assembly language, and is entirely stack-based. Read more on Wikipedia...

CIL Wikipedia page
CIL docs
CIL first developed in Microsoft
CIL appears in the TIOBE Index
Indeed.com has 0 matches for "cil developer".
See also: (6 related languages)Assembly CLI, Assembly language, C#, X86, Java Bytecode, Visual Basic .NET
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Example from the web:

.assembly Hello {}
.assembly extern mscorlib {}
.method static void Main()
{
    .entrypoint
    .maxstack 1
    ldstr "Hello, world!"
    call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)
    ret
}

Example from Riju:

.assembly main {}
.class Main
{
  .method static void Main() cil managed
  {
    .entrypoint
    ldstr "Hello, world!"
    call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)
    ret
  }
}

Example from hello-world:

// ilasm cil.il
.assembly HelloWorld {}
.method public static void Main() cil managed
{
     .entrypoint
     .maxstack 1
     ldstr "Hello World"
     call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)
     ret
}

Example from Wikipedia:

.method assembly static void modopt([mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallConvCdecl) 
        test_pointer_operations(int32 param) cil managed
{
  .vtentry 1 : 1
  // Code size       44 (0x2c)
  .maxstack  2
  .locals ([0] int32* ptr,
           [1] valuetype A* V_1,
           [2] valuetype A* a,
           [3] int32 k)
// k = 0;
  IL_0000:  ldc.i4.0 
  IL_0001:  stloc.3
// ptr = &k;
  IL_0002:  ldloca.s   k // load local's address instruction
  IL_0004:  stloc.0
// *ptr = 1;
  IL_0005:  ldloc.0
  IL_0006:  ldc.i4.1
  IL_0007:  stind.i4 // indirection instruction
// ptr = &param
  IL_0008:  ldarga.s   param // load parameter's address instruction
  IL_000a:  stloc.0
// *ptr = 2
  IL_000b:  ldloc.0
  IL_000c:  ldc.i4.2
  IL_000d:  stind.i4
// a = new A;
  IL_000e:  ldloca.s   a
  IL_0010:  call       valuetype A* modopt([mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallConvThiscall) 'A.{ctor}'(valuetype A* modopt([mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.IsConst) modopt([mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.IsConst))
  IL_0015:  pop
// ptra = &a;
  IL_0016:  ldloca.s   a
  IL_0018:  stloc.1
// ptra->meth();
  IL_0019:  ldloc.1
  IL_001a:  dup
  IL_001b:  ldind.i4 // reading the VMT for virtual call
  IL_001c:  ldind.i4
  IL_001d:  calli      unmanaged stdcall void modopt([mscorlib]System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallConvStdcall)(native int)
  IL_0022:  ret
} // end of method 'Global Functions'::test_pointer_operations

Feature	Supported	Token	Example
Strings	✓	"	"Hello world"
Print() Debugging	✓	call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine
Comments	✓		// A comment
Line Comments	✓	//	// A comment
Semantic Indentation	X

title	authors	year	publisher
CIL Programming: Under the Hood of .NET (Expert's Voice)	Bock, Jason	2008	Apress
CIL Programming: Under the Hood of .NET	Bock, Jason	2002	Apress
CIL Programming: Under the Hood of .NET	Bock, Jason	2013	Apress

title	authors	year	citations	influentialCitations
CIL + Metadata > Executable Program	Giuseppe Attardi and A. Cisternino and Diego Colombo	2004	8	0
Interactive verification of communication software on the basis of CIL	H. Krumm and O. Drobnik	1984	7	1
CIL Programming: Under the Hood™ of .NET	Jason Bock	2002	5	0
CIL to Java-Bytecode Translation for Static Analysis Leveraging	Pietro Ferrara and A. Cortesi and F. Spoto	2018	3	0

CIL - Programming language

Language features

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