Here are the top 500 programming languages in the PLDB. You can also view all the languages in the PLDB. Rankings are explained here.
title | appeared | type | rank |
---|---|---|---|
Java | 1995 | pl | 1 |
JavaScript | 1995 | pl | 2 |
C | 1972 | pl | 3 |
Python | 1991 | pl | 4 |
SQL | 1974 | queryLanguage | 5 |
HTML | 1991 | textMarkup | 6 |
C++ | 1985 | pl | 7 |
XML | 1996 | dataNotation | 8 |
PHP | 1995 | pl | 9 |
Perl | 1987 | pl | 10 |
MATLAB | 1984 | pl | 11 |
C# | 2000 | pl | 12 |
Fortran | 1957 | pl | 13 |
Ruby | 1995 | pl | 14 |
MySQL | 1995 | queryLanguage | 15 |
R | 1993 | pl | 16 |
JSON | 2001 | dataNotation | 17 |
Go | 2009 | pl | 18 |
COBOL | 1959 | pl | 19 |
CSS | 1996 | stylesheetLanguage | 20 |
Scala | 2004 | pl | 21 |
Swift | 2014 | pl | 22 |
Ada | 1980 | pl | 23 |
PostgreSQL | 1986 | queryLanguage | 24 |
Rust | 2010 | pl | 25 |
Arduino Programming Language | 2005 | pl | 26 |
Kotlin | 2011 | pl | 27 |
PowerShell | 2006 | pl | 28 |
Pascal | 1970 | pl | 29 |
ARM | 1985 | assembly | 30 |
Haskell | 1990 | pl | 31 |
Lisp | 1958 | pl | 32 |
Lua | 1993 | pl | 33 |
TypeScript | 2012 | pl | 34 |
SAS | 1976 | pl | 35 |
HTTP | 1989 | protocol | 36 |
Assembly language | 1960 | assembly | 37 |
Prolog | 1972 | pl | 38 |
Bash | 1989 | pl | 39 |
Clojure | 2007 | pl | 40 |
ISBN | 1970 | schema | 41 |
Objective-C | 1984 | pl | 42 |
Mathematica | 1988 | pl | 43 |
Node.js | 2009 | pl | 44 |
Elixir | 2011 | pl | 45 |
Visual Basic | 1991 | pl | 46 |
Erlang | 1986 | pl | 47 |
CUDA | 2007 | pl | 48 |
Scheme | 1970 | pl | 49 |
Julia | 2012 | pl | 50 |
Dart | 2011 | pl | 51 |
Modula-2 | 1978 | pl | 52 |
Tcl | 1988 | pl | 53 |
VBA | 1993 | pl | 54 |
ActionScript | 1998 | pl | 55 |
Regular Expressions | 1951 | queryLanguage | 56 |
Verilog | 1984 | hardwareDescriptionLanguage | 57 |
Solidity | 2014 | contractLanguage | 58 |
Reason | 2016 | pl | 59 |
BASIC | 1964 | pl | 60 |
awk | 1977 | pl | 61 |
Delphi | 1995 | pl | 62 |
Crystal | 2014 | pl | 63 |
CoffeeScript | 2009 | pl | 64 |
F# | 2005 | pl | 65 |
Maple | 1982 | pl | 66 |
Elm | 2012 | pl | 67 |
OCaml | 1996 | pl | 68 |
PowerPC | 1992 | isa | 69 |
Eiffel | 1986 | pl | 70 |
YAML | 2001 | dataNotation | 71 |
ASP | 1996 | template | 72 |
Modula-3 | 1986 | pl | 73 |
Racket | 1994 | pl | 74 |
Yacc | 1975 | grammarLanguage | 75 |
DOI | 2000 | schema | 76 |
Smalltalk | 1972 | pl | 77 |
REST | 1996 | protocol | 78 |
Groovy | 2003 | pl | 79 |
D | 2001 | pl | 80 |
FTP | 1971 | protocol | 81 |
X86 | 1978 | isa | 82 |
UML | 1996 | xmlFormat | 83 |
Sage | 2005 | pl | 84 |
SOAP | 1998 | xmlFormat | 85 |
Common Lisp | 1984 | pl | 86 |
GraphQL | 2012 | queryLanguage | 87 |
VHDL | 1983 | hardwareDescriptionLanguage | 88 |
LaTeX | 1985 | textMarkup | 89 |
TLS | 1999 | protocol | 90 |
Nginx | 2004 | configFormat | 91 |
APL | 1964 | pl | 92 |
Smali | 2010 | assembly | 93 |
OpenCL | 2009 | pl | 94 |
TCP | 1974 | protocol | 95 |
Markdown | 2004 | textMarkup | 96 |
MediaWiki | 2002 | wikiMarkup | 97 |
LabVIEW G | 1986 | pl | 98 |
XQuery | 2007 | pl | 99 |
SMTP | 1982 | protocol | 100 |
Scratch | 2002 | visual | 101 |
SPSS | 1968 | pl | 102 |
LLVM IR | 2003 | ir | 103 |
Nim | 2008 | pl | 104 |
Liquid | 2008 | template | 105 |
Literate CoffeeScript | 2013 | pl | 106 |
ECMAScript | 1997 | pl | 107 |
PostScript | 1982 | textMarkup | 108 |
Visual Basic .NET | 2001 | pl | 109 |
Chapel | 2004 | pl | 110 |
SQLite | 2000 | queryLanguage | 111 |
Red | 2011 | pl | 112 |
Haxe | 2005 | pl | 113 |
Pug | 2010 | template | 114 |
Rexx | 1979 | pl | 115 |
WebAssembly | 2015 | bytecode | 116 |
UDP | 1980 | protocol | 117 |
LFE | 2008 | pl | 118 |
PureBasic | 1998 | pl | 119 |
Forth | 1970 | pl | 120 |
fish | 2005 | pl | 121 |
ANTLR | 1992 | grammarLanguage | 122 |
ML | 1973 | pl | 123 |
MIPS architecture | 1985 | isa | 124 |
Lasso | 1995 | pl | 125 |
VBScript | 1996 | pl | 126 |
Oz | 1991 | pl | 127 |
CIL | 2000 | pl | 128 |
Applescript | 1993 | pl | 129 |
Oberon | 1986 | pl | 130 |
SVG | 2001 | textMarkup | 131 |
Tex | 1978 | pl | 132 |
Idris | 2014 | pl | 133 |
ABAP | 1983 | pl | 134 |
Protocol Buffers | 2008 | idl | 135 |
URL | 1994 | schema | 136 |
AMPL | 1985 | pl | 137 |
Simula | 1965 | pl | 138 |
PureScript | 2013 | pl | 139 |
Logo | 1967 | pl | 140 |
sed | 1974 | pl | 141 |
PicoLisp | 1988 | pl | 142 |
FLEX | 1987 | grammarLanguage | 143 |
V | 2019 | pl | 144 |
RDF | 1997 | dataNotation | 145 |
Brainfuck | 1993 | pl | 146 |
BCPL | 1966 | pl | 147 |
PL/SQL | 1991 | pl | 148 |
Processing | 2001 | pl | 149 |
Dylan | 1992 | pl | 150 |
Standard ML | 1990 | pl | 151 |
Hack | 2014 | pl | 152 |
HAML | 2006 | template | 153 |
Org | 2003 | textMarkup | 154 |
REBOL | 1997 | pl | 155 |
GAME | 1977 | pl | 156 |
OWL | 2004 | xmlFormat | 157 |
FLUX | 2014 | pl | 158 |
MIME | 1991 | textDataFormat | 159 |
DOT | 2007 | textMarkup | 160 |
Algol | 1958 | pl | 161 |
Nearley | 2014 | grammarLanguage | 162 |
idyll | 2017 | pl | 163 |
Rust MIR | 2016 | ir | 164 |
Jinja | 2006 | template | 165 |
MoonScript | 2011 | pl | 166 |
Terra | 2012 | pl | 167 |
Fantom | 2005 | pl | 168 |
Squirrel | 2003 | pl | 169 |
Monkey | 2011 | pl | 170 |
Reverse Polish notation | 1953 | notation | 171 |
BlitzBasic | 2000 | pl | 172 |
Jison | 2009 | pl | 173 |
Limbo | 1995 | pl | 174 |
Agda | 2007 | pl | 175 |
JSP | 1999 | template | 176 |
EuLisp | 1985 | pl | 177 |
ColdFusion | 1995 | pl | 178 |
SPARC | 1987 | isa | 179 |
Ballerina | 2015 | pl | 180 |
Frege | 2011 | pl | 181 |
MUMPS | 1966 | pl | 182 |
Occam | 1983 | pl | 183 |
Coq | 1989 | pl | 184 |
AutoIt | 1999 | pl | 185 |
Emacs Lisp | 1985 | pl | 186 |
XAML | 2008 | xmlFormat | 187 |
RFC | 1969 | notation | 188 |
x86 Assembly | 1972 | assembly | 189 |
Zig | 2015 | pl | 190 |
GNU Octave | 1988 | pl | 191 |
XPath | 1999 | queryLanguage | 192 |
Makefile | 1976 | pl | 193 |
Lean | 2015 | pl | 194 |
TOML | 2013 | dataNotation | 195 |
Hy | 2013 | pl | 196 |
Nemerle | 2003 | pl | 197 |
Slim | 2011 | template | 198 |
NewLisp | 1991 | pl | 199 |
Zephir | 2013 | pl | 200 |
Vala | 2006 | pl | 201 |
X10 | 2004 | pl | 202 |
Icon | 1977 | pl | 203 |
Turing | 1982 | pl | 204 |
Flow | 2014 | pl | 205 |
J | 1990 | pl | 206 |
QML | 2009 | pl | 207 |
grep | 1974 | pl | 208 |
Scilab | 1990 | pl | 209 |
Mercury | 1995 | pl | 210 |
Io | 2002 | pl | 211 |
RPG | 1959 | pl | 212 |
IA-32 | 1985 | isa | 213 |
PL/I | 1964 | pl | 214 |
IDL | 1977 | pl | 215 |
xBase | 1986 | pl | 216 |
Click | 1999 | pl | 217 |
Nextflow | 2013 | pl | 218 |
PostCSS | 2013 | textMarkup | 219 |
Pony | 2012 | pl | 220 |
Boo | 2003 | pl | 221 |
EDN | 2012 | dataNotation | 222 |
MicroPython | 2014 | pl | 223 |
QBasic | 1991 | pl | 224 |
SI | 1960 | notation | 225 |
Ceylon | 2011 | pl | 226 |
Java Bytecode | 1995 | bytecode | 227 |
LOLCODE | 2007 | esolang | 228 |
SPARQL | 2008 | queryLanguage | 229 |
JSON5 | 2012 | dataNotation | 230 |
Clean | 1987 | pl | 231 |
S-expressions | 1960 | dataNotation | 232 |
RobotFramework | 2013 | pl | 233 |
Turtle | 2011 | dataNotation | 234 |
F* | 2014 | pl | 235 |
Object Pascal | 1986 | pl | 236 |
SystemVerilog | 2002 | pl | 237 |
Arc | 2001 | pl | 238 |
Opa | 2011 | pl | 239 |
ALGOL 60 | 1960 | pl | 240 |
SuperCollider | 1996 | pl | 241 |
CLIPS | 1985 | pl | 242 |
Microsoft BASIC | 1975 | pl | 243 |
Stata | 1985 | pl | 244 |
NetLogo | 1999 | pl | 245 |
Cython | 2007 | pl | 246 |
Inform | 1993 | pl | 247 |
SNOBOL | 1962 | pl | 248 |
Bison | 1985 | grammarLanguage | 249 |
HCL | 2014 | dataNotation | 250 |
RAML | 2013 | yamlFormat | 251 |
reStructuredText | 2002 | textMarkup | 252 |
Multi-User Forth | 1995 | pl | 253 |
AGC | 1966 | assembly | 254 |
WSDL | 2000 | xmlFormat | 255 |
Office Open XML | 2006 | xmlFormat | 256 |
AXIOM | 1992 | pl | 257 |
Factor | 2003 | pl | 258 |
Sass | 2006 | stylesheetLanguage | 259 |
PL/pgSQL | 1998 | pl | 260 |
Whitespace | 2003 | esolang | 261 |
MariaDB | 2009 | queryLanguage | 262 |
API Blueprint | 2013 | pl | 263 |
POV-Ray SDL | 1991 | pl | 264 |
Pike | 1994 | pl | 265 |
Morse code | 1837 | notation | 266 |
CSP | 1978 | pl | 267 |
Self | 1987 | pl | 268 |
Isabelle | 1986 | pl | 269 |
FlatBuffers | 2014 | idl | 270 |
Deno | 2018 | pl | 271 |
odin | 2016 | pl | 272 |
BPMN | 2004 | visual | 273 |
Ini | 1987 | dataNotation | 274 |
Batchfile | 1985 | pl | 275 |
TLA | 1999 | pl | 276 |
MiniD | 2006 | pl | 277 |
SYMBOL | 1971 | pl | 278 |
C-- | 1997 | pl | 279 |
Wren | 2013 | pl | 280 |
Bourne shell | 1977 | pl | 281 |
ATS | 2013 | pl | 282 |
C3 | 2019 | pl | 283 |
Dafny | 2009 | pl | 284 |
ClojureScript | 2011 | pl | 285 |
DNS | 1985 | protocol | 286 |
Csound | 1985 | pl | 287 |
S-algol | 1979 | pl | 288 |
Perl 6 | 2015 | pl | 289 |
Lex | 1975 | grammarLanguage | 290 |
eC | 2004 | pl | 291 |
AutoLISP | 1986 | pl | 292 |
Ninja | 2012 | template | 293 |
B | 1969 | pl | 294 |
Puppet | 2005 | pl | 295 |
Base64 | 1987 | textEncodingFormat | 296 |
Simulink | 1984 | pl | 297 |
YARA | 2008 | pl | 298 |
Gnuplot | 1986 | pl | 299 |
Xojo | 1996 | pl | 300 |
FoxPRO | 1992 | pl | 301 |
SGML | 1986 | textMarkup | 302 |
Alloy | 1997 | pl | 303 |
GW-BASIC | 1983 | pl | 304 |
Dhall | 2017 | dataNotation | 305 |
Visual FoxPro | 1995 | pl | 306 |
RDoc | 2004 | textMarkup | 307 |
Ioke | 2008 | pl | 308 |
Embedded Crystal | 2016 | template | 309 |
INTERCAL | 1972 | pl | 310 |
E | 1997 | pl | 311 |
LiveScript | 2011 | pl | 312 |
JSON-LD | 2010 | dataValidationLanguage | 313 |
Z notation | 1974 | notation | 314 |
Marko | 2014 | textMarkup | 315 |
Modelica | 1997 | pl | 316 |
GAMS | 1963 | pl | 317 |
ERB | 2004 | template | 318 |
AutoHotkey | 2003 | pl | 319 |
PEG.js | 2010 | grammarLanguage | 320 |
G-code | 1950 | pl | 321 |
halide | 2010 | pl | 322 |
Objective-J | 2008 | pl | 323 |
Bicep | 2020 | jsonFormat | 324 |
Clipper | 1985 | pl | 325 |
ECL | 2000 | pl | 326 |
Pod | 1997 | textMarkup | 327 |
M4 | 1977 | pl | 328 |
AsciiDoc | 2002 | textMarkup | 329 |
Datalog | 1977 | pl | 330 |
wisp | 2012 | pl | 331 |
Coconut | 2014 | pl | 332 |
x86-64 | 2000 | isa | 333 |
Wolfram Language | 1988 | pl | 334 |
S | 1976 | pl | 335 |
HyperCard | 1987 | pl | 336 |
Gambas | 1999 | pl | 337 |
Oxygene | 2002 | pl | 338 |
SPARK | 1988 | pl | 339 |
Q | 2003 | pl | 340 |
JSON Schema | 2010 | dataValidationLanguage | 341 |
MMX instruction set | 1997 | isa | 342 |
ASN.1 | 1984 | idl | 343 |
JScript | 1996 | pl | 344 |
Befunge | 1993 | esolang | 345 |
HyperTalk | 1987 | pl | 346 |
PowerBuilder | 2010 | pl | 347 |
DIAGRAM | 1980 | pl | 348 |
UrWeb | 2008 | pl | 349 |
Less | 2009 | stylesheetLanguage | 350 |
NATO phonetic alphabet | 1956 | notation | 351 |
Miranda | 1985 | pl | 352 |
COMTRAN | 1957 | pl | 353 |
Punched tape | 1943 | notation | 354 |
XS | 2002 | pl | 355 |
Seed7 | 2005 | pl | 356 |
GAP | 1986 | pl | 357 |
Twig | 2009 | template | 358 |
Multics | 1967 | pl | 359 |
ink | 2015 | esolang | 360 |
DTD | 1996 | grammarLanguage | 361 |
EML | 1974 | textDataFormat | 362 |
Classroom Object Oriented Language | 1996 | pl | 363 |
Oberon-2 | 1991 | pl | 364 |
Pig Latin | 2008 | queryLanguage | 365 |
Jython | 2001 | pl | 366 |
YASnippet | 2008 | textMarkup | 367 |
FASTQ | 2000 | textDataFormat | 368 |
Genie | 2008 | pl | 369 |
Thrift | 2007 | idl | 370 |
Latte | 2008 | template | 371 |
Maxima | 1982 | pl | 372 |
PL/0 | 1976 | pl | 373 |
QuickBASIC | 1985 | pl | 374 |
Max | 1990 | jsonFormat | 375 |
SaltStack | 2011 | pl | 376 |
PRQL | 2022 | queryLanguage | 377 |
Malbolge | 1998 | pl | 378 |
Transact-SQL | 1984 | queryLanguage | 379 |
Scala.js | 2013 | pl | 380 |
AspectJ | 2001 | pl | 381 |
XBase++ | 1997 | pl | 382 |
chrysaLisp | 2015 | pl | 383 |
SETL | 1969 | pl | 384 |
KaTeX | 2013 | textMarkup | 385 |
JFlex | 2003 | grammarLanguage | 386 |
ALGOL 68 | 1968 | pl | 387 |
starlark | 2018 | pl | 388 |
LINQ | 2007 | queryLanguage | 389 |
Free Pascal | 1997 | pl | 390 |
FreeBASIC | 2004 | pl | 391 |
EJS | 2010 | template | 392 |
Falcon | 2003 | pl | 393 |
Netwide Assembler | 1996 | assembly | 394 |
Cap'n Proto | 2013 | idl | 395 |
Dc | 1978 | pl | 396 |
Atmel AVR | 1996 | pl | 397 |
CLU | 1975 | pl | 398 |
DTrace | 2005 | pl | 399 |
LiveCode | 2001 | pl | 400 |
unison | 2015 | pl | 401 |
Slash | 2012 | pl | 402 |
RMarkdown | 2014 | textMarkup | 403 |
ABC | 1980 | pl | 404 |
Bluespec | 2000 | pl | 405 |
PEG | 2002 | grammarLanguage | 406 |
NSIS | 2001 | pl | 407 |
Croc | 2006 | pl | 408 |
Diff | 1974 | unixApplication | 409 |
Squeak | 1996 | pl | 410 |
Altair BASIC | 1975 | pl | 411 |
Golo | 2012 | pl | 412 |
Shakespeare | 1993 | esolang | 413 |
RDFa | 2004 | xmlFormat | 414 |
WxBasic | 2002 | pl | 415 |
TreeSheets | 2019 | visual | 416 |
Stylus | 2010 | stylesheetLanguage | 417 |
Ion | 2016 | idl | 418 |
True BASIC | 1983 | pl | 419 |
Ladder Logic | 1994 | pl | 420 |
JCL | 1964 | pl | 421 |
Vim script | 1991 | pl | 422 |
Augmented Backus-Naur Form | 2008 | grammarLanguage | 423 |
MPS | 2010 | grammarLanguage | 424 |
FASTA | 2004 | textDataFormat | 425 |
commonmark | 2014 | textMarkup | 426 |
Fennel | 2016 | pl | 427 |
Pure Data | 1996 | pl | 428 |
mlir | 2019 | ir | 429 |
Korn shell | 1983 | pl | 430 |
Enso | 2015 | pl | 431 |
Sather | 1990 | pl | 432 |
TXL | 1985 | pl | 433 |
Commodore BASIC | 1977 | pl | 434 |
K | 1993 | pl | 435 |
RISC-V | 2010 | isa | 436 |
Luna | 2015 | pl | 437 |
CWL | 2014 | pl | 438 |
Dogescript | 2013 | pl | 439 |
Closure Templates | 2009 | template | 440 |
SourcePawn | 2014 | pl | 441 |
WDL | 2012 | pl | 442 |
CIL | 1994 | pl | 443 |
Cue | 2018 | dataNotation | 444 |
Smarty | 2006 | template | 445 |
beef-lang | 2019 | pl | 446 |
datascript | 2014 | queryLanguage | 447 |
Xtend | 2011 | pl | 448 |
Nu | 2007 | pl | 449 |
Ren'Py | 2004 | pl | 450 |
BBCode | 1998 | textMarkup | 451 |
Eve | 2016 | pl | 452 |
Tiny BASIC | 1975 | pl | 453 |
janet | 2018 | pl | 454 |
Java Properties | 1995 | dataNotation | 455 |
Ragel | 2007 | pl | 456 |
ALGOL W | 1966 | pl | 457 |
Reia | 2008 | pl | 458 |
Microsoft Small Basic | 2008 | pl | 459 |
tornado | 2009 | template | 460 |
jq | 2012 | queryLanguage | 461 |
EBNF | 1977 | grammarLanguage | 462 |
Qualcomm Hexagon | 2006 | assembly | 463 |
GeoJSON | 2008 | jsonFormat | 464 |
Koka | 2012 | pl | 465 |
Argdown | 2014 | textMarkup | 466 |
PIC microcontroller | 1975 | pl | 467 |
HLSL | 2002 | pl | 468 |
PARI/GP | 1985 | pl | 469 |
Caml | 1985 | pl | 470 |
Fortress | 2004 | pl | 471 |
Textile | 2002 | textMarkup | 472 |
Ring | 2016 | pl | 473 |
Microsoft Macro Assembler | 1981 | assembly | 474 |
muPad | 1997 | pl | 475 |
Ron | 2015 | dataNotation | 476 |
DRAKON | 1996 | pl | 477 |
Unicon | 2008 | pl | 478 |
Xtext | 2006 | grammarLanguage | 479 |
XSLT | 1998 | xmlFormat | 480 |
HOPE | 1978 | pl | 481 |
Asm.js | 2013 | ir | 482 |
Imba | 2014 | pl | 483 |
Ghostscript | 1988 | pl | 484 |
dynamo-visual-language | 2011 | visual | 485 |
High Level Assembly | 2011 | assembly | 486 |
RPL | 1984 | pl | 487 |
Gosu | 2002 | pl | 488 |
OpenVera | 2001 | pl | 489 |
SIL | 2012 | ir | 490 |
mermaid | 2014 | textMarkup | 491 |
VRML | 1994 | pl | 492 |
gravity | 2017 | pl | 493 |
MusicXML | 2004 | pl | 494 |
GLSL | 1992 | pl | 495 |
Curry | 1990 | pl | 496 |
ALGOL 58 | 1958 | pl | 497 |
RATFOR | 1976 | pl | 498 |
IMAP | 1986 | protocol | 499 |
Hjson | 2014 | dataNotation | 500 |